Для работы с сервисами в Ubuntu 16.04 в основном рекомендуется использовать команду systemctl. Для того, чтобы посмотреть все загруженные/активные сервисы набираем:
$ sudo systemctl -t service UNIT LOAD ACTIVE SUB DESCRIPTION accounts-daemon.service loaded active running Accounts Service acpid.service loaded active running ACPI event daemon apparmor.service loaded active exited LSB: AppArmor initialization apport.service loaded active exited LSB: automatic crash report generation atd.service loaded active running Deferred execution scheduler cgmanager.service loaded active running Cgroup management daemon console-setup.service loaded active exited Set console font and keymap cron.service loaded active running Regular background program processing daemon dbus.service loaded active running D-Bus System Message Bus ebtables.service loaded active exited LSB: ebtables ruleset management getty@tty1.service loaded active running Getty on tty1 grub-common.service loaded active exited LSB: Record successful boot for GRUB . . . systemd-logind.service loaded active running Login Service systemd-modules-load.service loaded active exited Load Kernel Modules systemd-random-seed.service loaded active exited Load/Save Random Seed systemd-remount-fs.service loaded active exited Remount Root and Kernel File Systems systemd-sysctl.service loaded active exited Apply Kernel Variables systemd-timesyncd.service loaded active running Network Time Synchronization systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service loaded active exited Create Static Device Nodes in /dev systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service loaded active exited Create Volatile Files and Directories systemd-udev-settle.service loaded active exited udev Wait for Complete Device Initialization systemd-udev-trigger.service loaded active exited udev Coldplug all Devices systemd-udevd.service loaded active running udev Kernel Device Manager systemd-update-utmp.service loaded active exited Update UTMP about System Boot/Shutdown systemd-user-sessions.service loaded active exited Permit User Sessions ufw.service loaded active exited Uncomplicated firewall user@1000.service loaded active running User Manager for UID 1000 virtlogd.service loaded active running Virtual machine log manager zed.service loaded active running ZFS Event Daemon (zed) zfs-import-cache.service loaded active exited Import ZFS pools by cache file zfs-mount.service loaded active exited Mount ZFS filesystems zfs-share.service loaded active exited LSB: Network share OpenZFS datasets. LOAD = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded. ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB. SUB = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type. 64 loaded units listed. Pass --all to see loaded but inactive units, too. To show all installed unit files use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
Для того, чтобы посмотреть ВСЕ сервисы, установленные в системе:
$ sudo systemctl list-unit-files -t service UNIT FILE STATE accounts-daemon.service enabled acpid.service disabled apport-forward@.service static apt-daily.service static atd.service enabled autovt@.service enabled bootlogd.service masked bootlogs.service masked bootmisc.service masked cgmanager.service enabled cgproxy.service enabled checkfs.service masked checkroot-bootclean.service masked checkroot.service masked colord.service static console-getty.service disabled console-setup.service static console-shell.service disabled container-getty@.service static cron.service enabled cryptdisks-early.service masked cryptdisks.service masked dbus-org.freedesktop.hostname1.service static dbus-org.freedesktop.locale1.service static dbus-org.freedesktop.login1.service static dbus-org.freedesktop.network1.service disabled dbus-org.freedesktop.resolve1.service disabled dbus-org.freedesktop.timedate1.service static dbus.service static debug-shell.service disabled dm-event.service disabled emergency.service static friendly-recovery.service enabled fuse.service masked getty-static.service static getty@.service enabled . . . systemd-reboot.service static systemd-remount-fs.service static systemd-resolved.service disabled systemd-rfkill.service static systemd-suspend.service static systemd-sysctl.service static systemd-timedated.service static systemd-timesyncd.service enabled systemd-tmpfiles-clean.service static systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service static systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service static systemd-udev-settle.service static systemd-udev-trigger.service static systemd-udevd.service static systemd-update-utmp-runlevel.service static systemd-update-utmp.service static systemd-user-sessions.service static udev.service static ufw.service enabled umountfs.service masked umountnfs.service masked umountroot.service masked unattended-upgrades.service enabled urandom.service static ureadahead-stop.service static ureadahead.service enabled user@.service static uuidd.service indirect virtlockd.service indirect virtlogd.service indirect x11-common.service masked zed.service static zfs-import-cache.service static zfs-import-scan.service static zfs-mount.service static 184 unit files listed.
Чтобы остановить или сделать сервис НЕ автозагружаемым используем (на примере apparmor):
$ sudo systemctl stop apparmor $ sudo systemctl disable apparmor